Causes and treatment of maxillary sinus cysts

A cyst of the maxillary sinus may not manifest itself throughout a person's life. This benign formation is a cavity that contains fluid. The walls of the cavity are lined with epithelium and fibrous tissue. Sometimes, only x-rays can confirm the presence of a cyst. At the first signs of the disease, you should consult a doctor.

Varieties of jaw cysts

1. A follicular cyst develops at the site of an unerupted tooth. It is formed instead of a tooth and is located in the alveolar margin of the jawbone.
2. The retention cyst is most often diagnosed in the upper jaw and is the most common. Education develops due to a violation of the patency of the ducts of the gland. There is a blockage of the airway, and cicatricial changes lead to the formation of a cyst.
3. In the maxillary sinus, an odontogenic cyst is often formed. This formation is localized due to the penetration of infection from the roots of the tooth into the upper jaw. An odontogenic cyst can be periradical and follicular. The latter develops from root granulomas.

After the formation of a cyst, the gland continues to produce a secret. The cyst enlarges, and its walls gradually stretch. With strong growth, the cyst can reach large sizes. Cystic formation is easy to confuse in symptoms with the common cold. But such an ARVI cannot go away for a long time. The sick person needs to pay special attention to this. If the cyst continues to develop, surgery cannot be avoided.

A cyst of the maxillary sinus can close the entire cavity and cut off the supply of oxygen. The maxillary sinuses have a large number of glands that produce a special protective secret. It prevents pathogenic microbes from entering the body. When the excretory ducts are blocked, the glands will begin to overflow, and over time a spherical cyst may form. The neoplasm is removed only with the help of a surgeon. The maxillary sinuses are a paired organ. They are located in the bones of the skull and are connected to the nasal cavity. Inside the sinuses are covered with a mucous membrane.

Causes

Gland dysfunction can occur both on the right and on the left. Therefore, a cyst can form on the right or left jaw. The reasons for the development of pathology are:

• sinusitis (chronic form);
• granuloma of the upper dentition;
• deviated septum of the nose;
• accumulated lymph in the lymph node;
• acute respiratory disease with complications;
• increase in the volume of interstitial fluid;
• blocking the outflow of the secret;
• inflammatory process.

Sinusitis in chronic form often provokes the formation of cysts. When the disease occurs, a malfunction of the gland occurs. The outflow of secretion worsens, the nasal mouth becomes clogged. As a result, the gland is stretched. Subsequently, a cyst is formed. A deviated nasal septum, accumulation of lymph, a previous respiratory disease are the main factors in the formation of a cyst. In this case, the cyst may not show any symptoms for a long time.

The main factors in the appearance of the disease are chronic sinusitis, the wrong structure of the fistula outlets. The formation of a cyst is also affected by the impaired functionality of the maxillary sinus. Pathology of the nasal mucosa often develops due to infection of the teeth and inflammation.

Symptoms

The development of the disease is indicated by:

• frequent headache;
• pain in the upper jaw;
• pain in the temples;
• labored breathing;
• discharge of a clear or yellowish liquid from the nostril (occurs when a cyst ruptures);
• dizziness;
• pain in the maxillary sinuses.

With these symptoms, you should definitely consult a doctor. He will conduct the necessary research to make a diagnosis and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

The expressed symptoms give the sick person a lot of discomfort. The cyst leads to complications in the form of severe headaches. Often there is pressure in the nasal cavity. The cyst provokes frequent runny nose and exacerbation of sinusitis. The maxillary formation is accompanied by secreted mucus and intense pain in the nasal cavity.

Diagnostics

Contrast X-ray of the sinuses will help determine the presence of a cyst. The disease can be diagnosed with the help of a laboratory test. A medical examination cannot give an accurate picture, which is why an x-ray is performed. A contrast agent is injected into the sinus area, which allows you to identify a cystic formation in the upper jaw.

The cyst of the right maxillary sinus can be detected by puncture of the maxillary sinus. This method allows the specialist to determine further treatment. The puncture also helps to identify the nature of the secret and make an accurate diagnosis. Diagnosis of a cyst of the left maxillary sinus is determined by the same methods.

To determine the localization of the cyst, a study of the maxillary sinus, endoscopy of the desired area, puncture is performed. For diagnostics, they turn to Laura. After the examination, treatment is prescribed.

Treatment: folk methods

If there are no symptoms, a doctor may recommend not starting treatment for the cyst. In this case, you can use folk recipes or procedures to eliminate the cyst.

• Aloe juice helps to reduce the neoplasm. It is required to instill 3-4 drops into each nostril. At home, the juice of golden mustache leaves will also help to cope with the cyst. In the morning and before going to bed, 2 drops should be instilled into each nasal passage.
• Cyclamen drops help well with a cyst. You can cook them yourself. To do this, take the tubers of the forest cyclomen, rub them on a grater and squeeze the juice through gauze. Instill 2 drops daily in the morning. Treatment is carried out for one week, after which they take a break for 2 months. After this period, the drops are again instilled for one week.

Removal of a cyst: preparation and procedure

In a situation where the removal of a cyst of the maxillary sinus is required, it is necessary to thoroughly prepare for surgical intervention. Surgery is indicated if the formation causes discomfort in the nose. Small cysts usually cannot be removed surgically.

The dimensions for removal are determined by the doctor. A benign formation can be quite large and bring a lot of trouble. Surgical intervention is required if the cyst is larger than 1 centimeter. First of all, the formation blocks the access of oxygen and contributes to difficulty breathing. In such cases, an operation is certainly required. It is important to know that in the presence of a cyst, breathing can stop abruptly during sleep. Dangerous complications include brain abscess, encephalitis, thrombosis, meningitis. In the nasal cavity, infections are constantly present. Complications can also affect the eye socket and organs of vision.

Cyst removal methods:

• Endoscopic removal of a neoplasm is a modern, safe method of treatment. This version of the operation is the most sparing. For implementation, fiber optic technology is used. The bone is not subjected to mechanical damage, the operation is under control, which provides special equipment. Removal of the formation using endoscopic equipment is a method indicated for most patients. The operation takes a little time, does not cause complications. The cyst is removed through the mouth of the nose.

Surgical intervention lasts 25-40 minutes. Today, this technique is the safest and least invasive. The operation does not involve mechanical damage to the sinus. After surgery, no complications develop, and the recovery period does not take more than a week. The patient must spend this time in the hospital. After 7 days, the patient can return to work and the usual way of life. You should continue to follow medical advice.

• Another option for removing a cyst is Denker surgery . The front wall of the sinus is opened and the necessary incision is made above the upper lip. The operation is performed under anesthesia. The surgeon removes the cyst using special medical instruments. This surgical method is used to provide access to the neoplasm on the anterior wall of the nasal sinus.

Treatment of cysts of the maxillary sinus requires strict adherence to all medical recommendations. The doctor may prescribe the use of certain drugs that suppress pathogenic cells, restore the structure of the nasal mucosa. Medicines will help you recover quickly and reduce the symptoms of the disease. In therapy, it is important to constantly maintain the functioning of the nasal passages. This will be able to provide medicines prescribed by a doctor.

Prevention

The main preventive measure is regular visits to the dentist.
It is important to treat caries, periodontal disease, diseases of the paranasal cavity in a timely manner. Timely treatment of the common cold and respiratory diseases will help prevent the formation of cysts.

Inside the cyst are disease-causing cells. They contribute to further infection of the body. Since folk methods only alleviate the symptoms of the disease, it is imperative to consult a doctor for help. The specialist will prescribe the correct treatment for the neoplasm.